Periodontal disease is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the supporting bone and tissue of teeth. There is no cure for periodontal disease, but if left untreated the disease will progress and can eventually lead to tooth loss and health complications. Several factors increase the risk of developing periodontal disease such as inadequate home care, tobacco use, other health problems, certain medications, and genetics. Treatment begins with periodontal scaling and root planning. Once this is performed the patient will be placed on a 3-4 month periodontal maintenance program to maintain and prevent further progression of the disease.